§ 10.3.9. Subcritical Flow and Steep Slope  


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  • If the culvert has a free water surface with a subcritical flow at the outlet and the culvert has a steep slope, then the water depth δd is negative in the computation (decrement). If the depth of flow reaches critical depth before reaching the culvert entrance, then the culvert is under inlet control. A hydraulic jump may occur in the culvert. If the depth of flow calculated at the culvert entrance is higher than the culvert critical depth, use Equation 10.3.5.a